Why voting isn’t enough

With election day fast approaching, I’ve been thinking a lot about voting. 

At an event I was at a few weeks ago, someone brought up the distinction between technocratic strategies and democratic strategies - that technocratic strategies focus on policy (which is necessary, but not sufficient, to transform health in our communities) while democratic strategies focus on politics (which is all about POWER). 

We can’t transform health in our communities without democratic strategies that center power.  And as Frederick Douglas said, “Power concedes nothing without a demand.” If we don’t demand change, power concedes nothing, and we’re left where we started. 

And up until recently, I thought about voting as one of the only ways I personally could demand change. 

Yes, I could call my legislators or sign a petition or join a protest, but those things never seemed all that effective to me. 

And I finally figured out why. 

I just finished the book Dark PR, by Grant Ennis (highly recommend, and you’ll be hearing more about it from me!), and he lays out both why “just voting” isn’t enough and why other political actions in the modern day “fall flat”. 

Ennis talks about “just voting” as a “harmful narrative”. 

“If we are deceived into believing that citizenship begins and ends with voting, we risk losing sight of the fact that a healthy democracy requires citizen association and political action in addition to voter participation. Democratic participation involves starting, actively organizing, and participating in citizen groups that continuously demand change. Democracy is in danger if we fail to understand that it requires much more than ‘just voting’.” 

And the citizen association piece is the key to why the political actions I had available to me (call my legislators, sign a petition, join a protest, and so on) always seemed ineffective. 

Ennis writes, “Citizens ‘just protest’ at the expense of meaningful citizen organizing and targeted political action.” It’s not that protests are always ineffective, but if we are mobilizing without organizing, if we are mobilizing without concrete and substantial demands, then we are engaging in “aggregate individual behavior” as opposed to a true collective movement. 

He contrasts how historical protests that led to meaningful policy change did not involve “individuals brandishing banners stating scattered goals” but rather “organized citizens focused on political action” with banners that “listed their demands and the names of the groups they represented.” 

Don’t get me wrong, I remain a proud voter, and think everyone eligible should absolutely vote in every election. And that changes are needed to make it easier to vote. 

But it’s not enough. 

And neither are individually calling our legislators or showing up to a one-off protest. 

We need to organize movements.  We need to make it so we call our legislators and sign petitions and join protests in ways that ARE effective because they are organized, collective demands for concrete changes that are long-term and consistent. History shows us it’s possible. 

More on movements soon. In the meantime, let’s vote! 

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The difference between cynicism and skepticism

Are you a pessimist or an optimist?

I’m optimistic (almost to a fault, my family would tell you).

But…I’m also pretty skeptical. Whether it’s someone trying to sell me on a business idea or life insurance package or supplements or pretty much anything - they’ll be met with a lot of questions and not-particularly-well-hidden skepticism (I’ve got no poker face, y’all - something I share with my daughter).

Doesn’t it seem somewhat counterintuitive to be both optimistic and skeptical? If you’re optimistic and believe the best in people, shouldn’t you also believe in the ideas people are putting forward? 

Well, in an issue of Well from the New York Times last month, they quoted the director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab, Jamil Zaki, making a distinction between cynicism and skepticism, and it was a real “light bulb moment” for me - 

“Cynicism…is a lack of faith in people, while skepticism is a lack of faith in our assumptions.” 

Ding, ding, ding! When I read this, I immediately thought, YES, this is exactly it. I believe in people (ok, not every single person, but generally speaking, I believe most people have good intentions and are trying their best). But I reject many of the assumptions that underlie our society. 

Dr. Zaki suggests that a cynical worldview - believing people are “generally selfish, greedy and dishonest” - can make you feel safer and smarter, but can also have a negative impact on your health and lead to beliefs that are untrue. He “encourages readers to become “hopeful skeptics” who think critically about societal problems while recognizing how kind and generous others really are.” 

And this, I think, is at the heart of public health and the work of coalitions in pursuit of transformational change to the health and well-being of their communities. 

We should be highly skeptical of the assumptions that underlie our current policies and systems. 

But we should not lose our faith in people, or our faith in the idea that people can come together to change our policies and systems for the better. 

What do you think? Does this resonate for you? Are you a cynic or a skeptic or both or neither? And how do you think cynicism and skepticism “show up” in our work?

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The most important question to ask yourself when action planning

🍁Happy Fall🍁 

It’s the season of sweaters and apple picking and pumpkin spice. 

And my personal favorite - the changing colors of the leaves. There is this incredible tree in our neighborhood, visible from our front door, that turns brilliant shades of yellow and orange and red over the course of the transition from summer to fall. The very top of the tree has just started to change color. 

Over the course of the next several weeks, the entire tree will gradually change color until it’s brilliantly aflame, and then the leaves will start to fall, until eventually the tree is left bare. It’s a transition I love watching. 

One of the amazing things about Fall colors - every leaf is unique. The shape, the shades, the imperfections. They’re each adding unique value and, ultimately, when we look at the tree as a whole, creating a sum that’s greater than its parts. 

This is exactly how I want us to think of our coalitions and their membership. 

And it leads to what I think is the single most important question to ask yourself during coalition action planning - 

What’s our unique value add? 

What do we collectively bring to the table that other organizations/agencies/actors in our community don’t? 

What can we do that others are not doing and cannot do? 

What gap can we fill?

Grounding your action planning in this question about unique value add is vital. 

I’ve been working with two very different coalitions recently, and in both, we’ve intentionally rooted action planning efforts in this question. 

There is a school mental health coalition where we’ve articulated this unique value add as the three prongs of our mission statement - and that mission statement is now driving our action planning, both for the coalition as a whole, as well as for specific pilot projects. 

There is a rural health coalition where we’ve honed in on mobile care as a key focus area. We’re still in the process of articulating our unique value add, but we’re centering that as the key goal of our initial information gathering with mobile care providers in the region. We’re aiming to understand their experiences, challenges, and opportunities, and get their direct input about where our coalition can add unique value to what’s already happening in the community. Is it as a convener? As an advocate? As a data gathering and sharing entity? As something else? To be determined, but the answer(s) will drive our action planning, and ensure that whatever we end up doing is actually valuable and not duplicative or counterproductive to existing efforts. 

Along with the question of what our unique value add is as a coalition, a couple important bonus questions to consider: 

• What can we create that’s greater than the sum of its parts? The whole point of a coalition is to bring together multiple entities for collective action - so what can we create by working together that’s more than what we could accomplish simply working in parallel?

• What is each organization and individual’s unique role within the coalition? The key to recruitment and retention of coalition members is ensuring they have clear roles and responsibilities that they are uniquely suited for. 

So, as we commence this Fall season, I invite you to explore or revisit the question of what your unique value add is - as an individual, as an organization, and as a coalition. Send me your thoughts!

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"The art of gathering" and the importance of grounding people in their purpose

Have you facilitated a meeting before? Or hosted a party?

What runs through your mind when you’re planning a gathering?

Are you a “chill host” (hint: Priya Parker, in her book, “The Art of Gathering”, suggests you shouldn’t be!)?

Source: https://www.priyaparker.com/book-art-of-gathering

Do you ask yourself why you’re gathering people (and then why again and again, until you drill down to something meaningful) and use your answer to shape your event (hint: This will help you host a meaningful, memorable gathering!).

I was invited to speak at a Comprehensive School Mental Health State Policy Academy in Charlotte, North Carolina last month. At the start of one of the days, in small groups, the meeting facilitator had us answer what I think might be the most powerful icebreaker question I’ve been asked - “Who do you dedicate your learning here today to?”

The answers from the members of our small group were vulnerable, beautiful, and heartfelt - from stories of loss to children going off to college to reflections on one’s community. It was an invitation to not just think about our school mental health work and the impact it could have, but to ground ourselves in what this work means to us.

My answer surprised even me - as I thought about school mental health and who I’d want to dedicate my learning to, my thoughts gravitated to the people closest to me who had the least amount of support for their mental health as children - my parents.

This opening question is a powerful example of a point Priya Parker underscores in her book - don’t open with logistics. Get to those eventually, but they are a buzzkill as an opener. Instead, think about the deepest “why” of why this gathering is taking place and use that to plan a powerful opening. (Note: This goes for endings too, don’t end with thank yous! Get those in along the way, but to close, get people back to the core “why” of the gathering and inspire them to make a change - however small - as a result.)

Speaking of thought-provoking openers - while I was in Charlotte for this meeting, I wandered through the city and checked out the amazing public art sprinkled throughout, and this sculpture at the entrance to a park really caught my fancy, so I had to take a quick picture. What a way to invite people to think about their time in this outdoor gathering space.

“Life is an Open Book” by Brad Spencer in The Green, Charlotte, North Carolina

Every time we come together with others, whatever shape or form that takes, however casual or formal, we have an opportunity to elevate that gathering - from something mundane to something extraordinary. Take your shot. And shoot me a note to tell me all about it!

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HOW to tell a powerful story + tips to transport and activate your audience

I’ve been leaning on beach reads this summer (to be honest, I lean on them year-round) and have always loved being transported to new places through stories.

But let’s be real, it’s easy to transport a reader to a beautiful beach on vacation. It’s a lot harder to transport them into, say, the lives of families in rural America.

But even stories about the same place and same community can be quite different from one another.

As J.D. Vance hits the news cycle as the Republican vice presidential nominee, I’ve been thinking a lot about an alternative to his Hillbilly Elegy (a memoir about life in rural America, which I did not read) - namely, Demon Copperhead by Barbara Kingsolver (a novel about life in rural Appalachia, which I read and found deeply moving).

Hillbilly Elegy (although it received critical acclaim from many upon release) has been described as condescending and inauthentic. I suspect the reason for this is the nature of the stories the book tells. As one Appalachian Studies expert put it, “One of the most troubling things to me about the book is that it talks a lot about unemployment and poverty, domestic violence, the opioid crisis, but it never gives you context for why those things exist the way they do in Appalachia.”

In contrast, one journalist notes, “Kingsolver slyly weaves the history of her home into Demon’s harrowing tale. From the Whiskey Rebellion to the boom and bust of the tobacco and coal industries, she describes a community preyed on for decades as governments and companies extracted their resources. And then came the opioid crisis.”

If you haven’t read Demon Copperhead yet, pick it up now - it’ll show you the power of story in transporting us much better than I can. But you know me, I’m going to try anyway! Here are some tips, strategies, and resources for transporting and activating your audience via powerful storytelling.

Can you share some tips for effective storytelling?

Storyboard. I have loved Echo Rivera’s trainings around presentations (which are, after all, simply a story you’re telling!) and one thing she emphasizes is that Step 1 is storyboarding. You have to map out the flow of the story you’re telling from the get-go and make sure it’s going to leave the audience with the right takeaways. So don’t jump to writing, slide creation, or anything else until you’ve taken the time to storyboard.

Get personal. Here at PoP Health, we’ve been working on a project for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention focused on how to improve public health cancer prevention messaging and one of our key takeaways has been the need to get more personal. What does this look like? It’s not about dry facts or abstract concepts. Instead, think personal true stories from “people like me” that are accompanied by the faces of those people, embedding health information in TV shows, appealing to one’s identity (tapping into a shared identity of being a mom, encouraging kids to “be a helper” instead of “help others”).

Be relatable. Use words your audience would use. Use metaphors to help boil down complex concepts into something your audience can wrap their arms around. Keep it local.

Get visual. Drawings, photos, videos, GIFs, all can be helpful, especially when they feature real people, make your audience laugh, or convey a powerful message. Infographics and data visualization - when done well - are also great tools.

What are some specific strategies for effective storytelling?

Co-create stories and messages: You know who already knows the real stories that will resonate with your audience? The people who’ve lived those stories. Also known as your audience. Co-create stories and messages with them.

Interpret your data for your audience: Use a storytelling sentence. Don’t leave it to chance or someone else’s interpretation. Don't assume the numbers speak for themselves. It's your story - so, tell it! Along the same lines, take this great advice from Stephanie Evergreen and make your data dashboard a webpage. Why? Because then, you’ll be telling an actual story! And as Stephanie says, “That narrative is where you get nuance. Expansion. Explanation. Clarification.”

Tailor content: First, you need to tailor content to your audience (based on a wide range of factors that are too much to get into here - more to come on that in the future), to the channel you’re using (please don’t post your static flier content to Tik Tok or vice versa!), and to the current and local contexts. Also tailor content to the type of deliverable (Website? Report? Social media post? Podcast?) and tailor the deliverable you’re choosing to work for your particular goals and audience. Even within a single deliverable, try to make it modular, so you can easily toggle in and out “modules” for different audiences based on who needs X background information or who cares about Y data.

What are some resources to help me tell powerful stories?

Echo Rivera’s free 6 Gears of Creating Engaging Presentations training

Stephanie Evergreen’s “delightful, strategy shifting, and totally free ideas for your next data viz”

Potential Energy Coalition’s Talk Like a Human guide (I think their lessons on how to communicate climate change apply much, much more broadly!)

Here’s the thing, effectively sharing what we know, do, and learn is essential to transforming health in our communities. And there is no better way to do that than to tell stories. So embrace your identity as a storyteller and get REALLY good at it - the results will surprise you.

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Why people forget facts but remember stories - an intro to Effective Storytelling

Is your summer off to as hot and joyful a start as mine, Reader?

Our family spent the last week at an all-family violin camp in the Blue Ridge mountains, and it was a joy on so many levels (our girls did not want to come home!).

Being surrounded by music all week had me forgetting the heat (despite the lack of AC at camp) and remembering just how powerful art is and how every piece of art tells a story.

Have you heard the quote about how people forget facts but remember stories? That's definitely true but misses a key piece of the puzzle. People remember stories because they make them FEEL.

Which brings me to another quote, this from Maya Angelou: “People will forget what you said. People will forget what you did. But people will never forget how you made them feel.”

I have always been moved by stories in all their forms - as an avid reader of novels, as a dancer, as a journalist through middle/high school and college, as a mom (and chief bedtime book reader).

I’ve written about the power of narrative and why we need to tell more stories before, so today I’m especially excited today to dive into the final phase of PoP Health’s CAPE process - Effective storytelling.

What do you mean by effective storytelling?

Coalitions and collaboratives working to transform health in their communities need to tell their stories - stories of their communities, their work, their process, their successes, their impact, and also their struggles and the barriers that prevent them from having more impact.

They need to tell their stories with and to community members; they need to recount their stories to policymakers and funders; they need to share their stories with partner organizations and agencies.

Effectively sharing what we know, do, and learn is essential to community health improvement. Elevating the voices of community and coalition members through these stories and synthesizing your experiences and learnings in ways that resonate with community members, policymakers, funders, and other key audiences are not easy tasks - but they are vital.

What are some ways to think about effective storytelling?

There are many storytelling frameworks to choose from, from the Hero’s Journey to the Freytag Pyramid to the Pixar Story Framework.

They all have helpful components and are worth exploring. What might be even more helpful as a starting point, though, are these two highly simplified models of storytelling:

Hook / Story / Close: This is pretty much just what it sounds like. You start with a powerful hook that captures your audience’s attention, tell a compelling story, and close with a call to action or an offer. Each component might be quite different based on your audience (what hooks a policymaker won’t hook a community member and what you want a funder to do is likely quite different than what you want a partner organization to do).

The Golden Circle: Simon Sinek’s idea of a Golden Circle, popularized via his 2009 TED Talk, captures how inspiring organizations and individuals think, act, and communicate: They start with explaining why (what’s the purpose, cause, or belief?), then how (how is the why brought to life?), and only then the what.

While we’ve been focusing on storytelling, it’s not just about the story! Who’s telling it, who’s hearing it, the channel through which they’re hearing it, how they respond, the broader context, misinformation - all of these things matter, and they can matter quite a lot. In a current project focused on strengthening cancer prevention communications, we’ve been using this communications framework to organize our findings, and I find it quite helpful:

Eight Essential Components of Communication:

1. Source: Who’s creating and sharing the message?

2. Message: What are they saying?

3. Channel: How is the message traveling between source and receiver?

4. Receiver: Who’s receiving the message from the source?

5. Feedback: What messages does the receiver send back to the source?

6. Environment: What’s the surrounding physical and psychological context where messages are being sent and received?

7. Context: What’s the broader setting and scene, and what supports/barriers does the receiver face in acting on the message?

8. Interference: What blocks or changes the source’s intended meaning of messages, including misinformation and disinformation?

What are some questions I should be asking myself about effective storytelling?

• How can we elevate and center the voices of community and coalition members in our stories, and who among them will our audiences most deeply connect with?

• How can we transport our audiences through story (given that narrative transportation reduces psychological barriers, serving as a powerful tool for persuasion) and tap into their self-concept/self-identity - their sense of who they are as a person (given that people engage with communications that deepen their sense of self and reject communications that counter their sense of self)?

• Where and how can we best reach our audiences?

• What supports or hinders our audience from acting on what we tell them, and how can we address these factors?

Sometimes, we’re so tired doing the work that we don’t take the time to tell our story - much less tell it well. But it’s a vital part of the process of transforming health in our communities.

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A Participatory Evaluation HOW TO: tips and tools for sensemaking, storytelling, and more

It was college reunion weekend at my alma mater (wahoowa!), and in addition to taking a few (literal) walks down memory lane, I thought a lot about feeling a sense of community and what magic combination of ingredients is needed to create that.

Shared experiences - especially those where you gain something of value and even more so those where you create something of value - are part of that secret sauce.

And participatory evaluation, when done well, checks all those boxes.

If you missed the last issue of Community Threads, be sure to check it out first, as it provides an overview of PoP Health’s participatory evaluation approach. With that approach in mind, today’s issue is diving into HOW we actually do participatory evaluation. Let's jump right in.

Can you share some tips for participatory evaluation?

Begin with the end goal in mind, and design your evaluation and learning process accordingly. What do community members, coalition members, and the evaluation and learning team most want to learn and why?

Consider how community members can co-own - and meaningfully benefit - from every stage of the evaluation and learning process, from initial brainstorming and planning through data collection and analysis through sensemaking and storytelling. How is each stage of the process structured to allow community members to drive or co-lead the process? How is each stage of the process designed to ensure community members walk away with new capacity, connections, resources, and supports?

Develop infrastructure for responsive feedback and continuous quality improvement. You’ve heard this tip before from me and I'm repeating it here because it can't be overstated and hardly anyone truly does it! Yes, a key goal of evaluation is to understand impact but an equally if not more important goal is to improve the work. It's vital to set up infrastructure (time, resources, systems) from the outset so you are flexible and nimble enough to implement course corrections and improvements in real time based on analysis of monitoring data.

Diversify and tailor your evaluation deliverables, and make them modular where possible. Here is a slide from PoP Health’s Evaluation 101 workshop that includes a range of possible deliverables through which to share evaluation results and stories (and there are many more beyond what's listed here).

Don’t limit yourself here, get creative! Data dashboards are all the rage these days, but I love Stephanie Evergreen’s take on them, especially for something community facing - make it a webpage instead. You can also tailor content to different audiences - we often do this via briefs/two-pagers, one for community members, one for policymakers, one for funders, and so on. They each care about different things. We have also had success with making our briefs modular - having “modules” (short sections of the brief) that can be toggled in or out of a brief depending on who needs X background information or who cares about Y data.

What are some specific strategies for participatory evaluation?

There are many, but here are a few I especially appreciate for the meaningful role community and coalition members play:

Community based system dynamics modeling: A key part of evaluation and learning in public health is understanding dynamic, complex, messy systems. In the case of our work on school mental health in DC, students, family members, teachers, school administrators, policymakers, and others may have completely different understandings of the school mental health system. So we engaged in what’s called Community Based System Dynamics, in partnership with the Social System Dynamics Lab – this process uses participatory group model building approaches to explore the system in question. We held modeling workshops with students, with caregivers, with teachers, and with our multisector Stakeholder Learning Community. During the workshops, groups huddled around large sheets of paper, discussing, writing things down, crossing things out, drawing arrows, and so on. They produced a series of causal loop diagrams, which I then synthesized and integrated into this version of our systems map. Much more on this in a prior PoP Health newsletter here.

Data placemats for collective sensemaking: Community members and coalition members have experiences, expertise, and perspectives that lead them to insights your evaluation team, program team, and funders are apt to miss entirely. So don't make the mistake of leaving them out of the conversation. I love using highly visual data placemats and data posters to bring coalition members and community members into the process of making sense of data and drawing insights - about what we've learned so far, how to continually improve the initiatives we work on, and what other information we need to gather moving forward. We’ve recently used data placemats (during a coalition-wide data sensemaking session) and data posters (during a community-wide symposium) to share initial data from evaluation of the BIRTH Plan with our community and coalition partners in Pittsburgh, pairing the visuals with discussion questions that help elicit their thoughts on what they take away from the data, their insights about how to improve the work, and what additional information they’d most like to see in the future.

Sharing personal narratives: Nothing is quite as powerful as a story in someone’s own voice. Capturing personal narratives of community members/program participants/those influenced by a policy is a vital participatory evaluation strategy. In addition to focus groups and interviews, there are many creative ways to do this, including video journals, audio diaries, photo voice, and more. I especially love this idea of a participatory video process focused on stories of significant change. Participants are given the chance to take part in a Participatory Video process at baseline; stories of Most Significant Change are collected via structured story circles at midline; each circle selects one story to record on video. A participatory analysis identifies themes and recommendations. Given consent, videos can be shared so stakeholders learn directly from participants’ stories.

Community collaboration strategies: The community collaboration strategies we have featured previously (i.e., focus groups in a box, data walks, and street stalls) can also all be used in the context of evaluation and learning.

What are some resources to help me engage in participatory evaluation?

I’d like to leave you with a few resources I’ve found especially practical and useful in terms of participatory evaluation. As always, drop me a note to share other helpful resources or tools you’ve come across!

• ​Participatory Evaluation: Theories + Methods for Remote Work(a guide I refer to regularly for meeting facilitation ideas, whether virtual or in-person!) from Evaluation + Learning Consulting

• ​Community-Driven Data and Evaluation Strategies to Transform Power and Place (hot off the presses from Build Healthy Places)

• ​Participatory Evaluation Toolkit from Health Nexus (which provides a great overview of 7+ specific techniques)

As always, we share these tips, strategies, and resources in the hopes that they help you understand HOW to engage in participatory evaluation.

Participatory evaluation is likely going to be messier, slower, and more expensive than more traditional evaluation approaches. But on the flip side… You’ll be driven by community. You’ll learn more. You’ll create greater and more sustained change in your community.

The pros definitely outweigh the cons in my book - what about for you?

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The 'P' in our CAPE: Participatory Evaluation - by the community + for the community

A recent book club discussion about the challenge of adult friendships in the present day has had me thinking a lot about the importance of a sense of community.

On that note, a portion of a recent conversation between two of my favorite thinkers, Surgeon General Vivek Murthy and writer Anand Giridharadas, really struck me. Surgeon General Murthy shared that statistics show that people now are working more - “and parents are parenting more, even though they’re also working more.” He asks, “Where is that time coming from, that extra time? You put all this together and that time that is eroding is a time that we spend in person with family and friends, the time we spend for ourselves, and the time we spend for our communities.”

On the heels of a community event I helped plan, I’ve also specifically been thinking a lot about what it means to do something “by the community, for the community” (our event tagline).

What does all this have to do with the focus of today’s newsletter, participatory evaluation (aka the ‘P’ in PoP Health’s CAPE)? Let’s get into it!

What do you mean by participatory evaluation?

Simply put, participatory evaluation is monitoring, evaluation, and learning - by the community, for the community.

As more formally defined in this guide, “Participatory evaluation is not top-down or expert-led. It is a bottom-up framework that stimulates and utilizes the wealth of experiences and wisdom that participants have to create more meaningful, productive, and engaging discussions and debates.”

When it comes to the work of community coalitions and collaboratives, we want coalition members as well as community members integrally involved in every stage of monitoring, evaluation, and learning (or MEL, as it’s often called), to the point where they co-own the process, alongside their MEL team.

The idea that participatory evaluation encompasses monitoring, evaluation, and learning is key. Monitoring gets at the idea of continually examining whether things are implemented as planned, and applying what is learned to make improvements along the way. Evaluation gets at the ultimate question of “did it work”. And Learning underscores that the point of all of this is to learn together, and apply what we learn to make things better moving forward.

What are some ways to think about participatory evaluation?

As with action planning, there are hundreds of evaluation frameworks out there.

So instead of sharing or dissecting all of those, I’m going to share PoP Health’s approach to participatory evaluation + one evaluation framework specific to participatory evaluation that we have found helpful.

PoP Health’s Approach to Participatory Evaluation

Community-Driven and Co-Creative: Ensure participants share ownership of the evaluation process. Involve coalition and community members, centering and amplifying their voices in every stage of the process, from developing the plan, evaluation questions, and data collection approaches through interpretation and dissemination of results.

• Equity-Focused and Inclusive: Engage voices that have been historically excluded, emphasizing collective strengths, and maintaining a focus on upstream, root causes of health inequities. Build belonging and civic muscle through an evaluation process that helps participants develop their power to shape their world.

• Taking a Systems-Level Lens: Recognize the powerful role of policy, systems, and environmental change, and make every effort to capture and learn from the impact of changes at those levels. Ensure your evaluation process is also reflective of the dynamic behavior, complexity, and interconnectedness of systems.

• Value-Adding: Build upon ongoing activities and utilize the wealth of existing data and efforts, taking care not to waste time or resources reinventing the wheel. Identify where there is unique value to be added and focus evaluation efforts accordingly.

• Actionable: Generate relevant evidence and translate that evidence into key takeaways and concrete steps that can be taken to continually improve. Build upon assets and facilitators, address challenges, and proactively pursue transformative change that is guided by the experiences, stories, and voices of participants.

CoAct's Principles of Co-Evaluation

CoAct is focused on Citizen Social Science, which they define as follows:

Citizen Social Science combines equal collaboration between citizen groups (co-researchers) that are sharing a social concern and academic researchers. Such an approach enables [us] to address pressing social issues from the bottom up, embedded in their social contexts, with robust research methods. We aim to co-create socially robust knowledge.

They offer six principles of co-evaluation, each of which is further defined and paired with practical recommendations here.

What questions should I be asking myself about how we engage in participatory evaluation?

• What will coalition members and community members gain through the process? What new understanding, capacity, connections, resources, supports, etc. might they walk away with? ​

• How can we meaningfully co-own each stage of the monitoring, evaluation, and learning process with community members, while also being respectful of their time and other constraints?

• How can we make sure our continuous monitoring is part of a feedback loop that feeds directly into making concrete improvements?

• How do we best capture the impact that matters most to each of our audiences - community members, coalition members, policymakers, funders, and so on?

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HOW to get to action with your collaborative: tips and tools for brainstorming, prioritizing, and more

Is it just me, or are you feeling the Maycember vibes too?

In addition to counting down to the end of the school year and to summer, I know many nonprofits and coalitions are also nearing the end of their fiscal year, which means new grants and projects might be on the horizon - so it’s a great time to think about what effective action planning looks like.

If you missed the last issue of Community Threads, be sure to check it out first, as it provides an overview of PoP Health’s action planning framework. With that framework in mind, today’s issue is diving into HOW we can implement that framework to get our collaboratives to action. Without further ado, let’s dive in, Q&A style.
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Can you share some tips for action planning?

Move towards the middle. It might be tempting to start with the question of “What should we do?” But this is exactly the wrong place to start. Begin by grounding yourself, with a particular focus on 1) orienting towards root causes and systems (otherwise, it’s easy to end up with a plan that attempts to place bandaids on the most visible/urgent problems, without diving into the underlying structures and root causes that created those problems) and 2) defining your coalition’s unique value-add (what do you collectively bring to the table that other organizations/agencies/actors in your community don’t?). Then, jump straight to the end - what impact do you wish to have? What are you seeking to change? Get as specific as possible. With the beginning and the end clearly defined, then work towards the middle to define your specific action steps in a way that addresses root causes, aligns with your value-add, and helps achieve your desired impact.

Brainstorm with abandon. Think small and think big at the same time with 15% and 15x solutions. Consider what is your 15% where you have the discretion and freedom to act without more resources and authority and what actions you can take immediately. Also consider what big idea you would recommend if you were to be 15 times bolder, and what the first step towards that idea would be. We can both be empowered by the things we can do fully within our circle of influence and inspired by the things that are more aspirational and transformational. Also consider unique brainstorming questions - I saw a great thread on this recently on LinkedIn, here are some of the ones that stood out to me:

• Your goal is to get fired: What ideas are you proposing?

• What’s one thing you see others do, and you’re thinking it’s crazy we’re not doing it?

• Pick a problem the organization needs to solve. Tell me how you'd solve it with an unlimited budget. Tell me how you'd solve it with no budget. (This is similar to the 15%/15x solution approach!)

Niche down. As we often hear in the consulting world, there are “riches in the niches.” When you “niche down” and narrow your audience and services, you can speak to that very specific audience in a way that resonates deeply and makes people recognize that you understand and can address their specific needs. It’s the same for any work or communication we undertake, whether as a coalition or an organization - we can’t be everything to everyone, but if we “niche down,” we might be surprised at just how effective we can be.

Develop infrastructure for responsive feedback and continuous quality improvement. Making sure you are flexible and nimble enough to be responsive to feedback and continually improve is the linchpin of the entire action planning framework we’ve laid out. And you can’t leave that to chance (believe me, I’ve been there…everyone has the best of intentions, but then, life happens, and there’s simply no time/bandwidth/buy-in to take stock of things regularly and make changes accordingly). Instead, build the infrastructure at the outset so time, resources, and systems are already in place to ensure regular monitoring and the careful analysis of monitoring information and the implementation of course corrections and improvements based on that analysis. Hold yourselves accountable - it will boost your impact by leaps and bounds.

What are some specific strategies for action planning?

Action planning is such a rich, multi-step process that I can’t pick just a few specific strategies as I’ve done for other elements of our C.A.P.E. process. Instead, I’m going to identify some key sets of approaches.

Brainstorming approaches: Here at PoP health, we love using post-its during in-person brainstorms and virtual equivalents on Zoom (Jamboard (which is sunsetting soon) or Mural are what we usually use; you can also have people throw ideas into the chat). For more detailed, in-depth, and asynchronous brainstorming, we love using Google Sheets - we try to structure the sheets in a very clear way and then let folks add their ideas in the appropriate sheets/rows/columns in response to particular categories, questions, types of information, etc.

Prioritization approaches: For in-person prioritization, sticker dots are our favorite (they even sell glittery ones, which can add some pizazz to your meetings). Mentimeter can also be great for in-person or virtual settings where you want to share results in real-time. For asynchronous prioritization, a virtual survey can be a great tool.

Action plan writing approaches: We’ve had success drawing a timeline on flipchart paper and having people place their action steps (each one written on a post note) on the literal timeline, and even taking an extra step to match each action step with a particular organization/person. We also love a good action plan template - the timeline idea can help with identifying the action, who’s responsible, and timing, but often we also want to identify the resources required, the collaborators required, potential barriers and how to address them, and who needs to be informed about the action.

What are some resources to help me action plan with our collaborative?

Here are just a few examples of resources we here at PoP Health have found helpful. This is by no means a comprehensive list - please email us to share other resources and tools you’ve found helpful in action planning with your collaborative!

• ​Liberating Structures (sidenote: I’ve seen these used poorly/thoughtlessly, but when used intentionally and judiciously, they can fulfill their intended potential and “foster lively participation in groups of any size” in a way that moves you further along your action planning process).

• ​The Best Brainstorming Tools of 2024 (+ Tips and Techniques)​

• ​7 Essential Project Management Techniques In 2024​

I hope these tips, strategies, and resources help plant some helpful seeds in terms of action planning with your collaborative. It can be an overwhelming, “one step forward, two steps back” kind of journey. But hopefully it is also a meaningful and productive journey towards an actionable plan that can create real change in your community.

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Get to ACTION to transform health in your community with PoP Health's action planning framework

I have an extra hop in my step and a desperate desire to GET. THINGS. DONE. (Currently at the top of my home list is tackling a round of Spring cleaning, beginning with our completely out-of-control basement…but I digress).

How about you?

In our work with community coalitions, getting to ACTION is often a major pain point. So let’s dive right in.

What do you mean by action planning?

Sometimes it’s easier to start with what I don’t mean, and this is one of those times.

Action planning is not information sharing. It’s not learning. It’s not defining your strategy. It’s not writing a plan or a report.

These can all be important components of action planning, but only as a means to an end. And that end is intentional, purposeful action. What are you doing and what tangible change in your community is it associated with?

We’ll get more into specific strategies for action planning in our next newsletter, but for now, let’s wrap our minds around what action planning is.

What are some ways to think about action planning?

There are a bazillion action planning frameworks and templates out there (and so many acronyms! SWOT, PDSA, SMART, the list goes on).

How I feel about them is best captured by the quote “All models are wrong, but some are useful.”

Here at PoP Health, we’ve waded through the action planning acronym soup on many an occasion, and where we’ve landed is here: our own action planning framework (hot off the presses!) - uniquely tailored to collaboratives and coalitions seeking to transform health in their communities through policy and systems change. As with any other model, there are ways in which it will be “wrong” - but we also believe (and can vouch for from experience!) that it is useful.

And while I always hesitate to throw yet another framework out into the world, this one has arisen naturally from our work over the years, and represents our best effort to synthesize many hard-learned lessons as we’ve navigated this space side-by-side with community coalitions and collaboratives.

Introducing PoP Health’s Action Planning Framework

• Grounding Phase: First and foremost, root your action planning in a deep and shared understanding of: the community and key actors; your collaborative’s unique value add and mission; and the nature of the problem(s) and root causes(s) on one end and desired outcomes and vision on the other end.

• Brainstorming Phase: Once you are grounded, brainstorm with abandon. Get the most outlandish, impractical ideas out there. Get the most exciting, transformational ideas out there. Get the most narrow, incremental ideas out there. Get the most bizarre, eyebrow-raising ideas out there. And everything in between.

• Prioritizing Phase: After you have brainstormed with abandon, niche down. You simply cannot be everything to everyone or do everything. Be ruthless in prioritizing - you must make hard choices to do some things and not do others. Make those hard choices based on all that you’ve grounded yourself in in the grounding phase, plus other key criteria your collaborative defines collectively.

• Planning Phase: Only once you have prioritized can you truly plan. This is where you define the exact what/when/how/where/who of it all. Get specific. Where you are exploring, start small - consider pilots and minimum value products. Where you are confident in what works, focus on scaling up.

• Acting + Iterating Phase: Now you are ready: Just do it. Then iterate. Don’t get stuck in the prior phases or spend too long in them. Ultimately, we won’t learn nearly enough until we take action. So just do it - but know that you will need to iterate. Be prepared with the structures/systems needed for continuous quality improvement/responsive feedback, and know the basis on which you’ll decide whether something is working or not (more on evaluation and learning to come in future newsletters!).

What questions should I be asking myself about how we action plan?

• Is your action planning grounded in your collaborative’s UNIQUE value add? What can you do that others are not doing and cannot do? What gap can you fill?

• Who are the targets and agents of change who hold the power/authority/influence to make the changes you are seeking? Are they around your collaborative table during the action planning process? If not, should they be? If not, how will you influence them?

• Have you created a safe space for action planning to occur? Have you unearthed and addressed power dynamics, political constraints, and other conditions that might impact the level of honesty and engagement collaborative members and community members bring to the action planning table?

• Is your action planning process taking into account the realities on-the-ground? When the rubber meets the road, all kinds of roadblocks arise - have you anticipated them and do you have a plan for addressing them? Are there some roadblocks that are - at least for now - insurmountable, and thus require rethinking what actions make sense to undertake?
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These are tough questions, and getting to action is no easy task. But if your collaborative can move through these phases in a thoughtful way, you can chart a path to inspiring and mobilizing concrete, meaningful action and transforming health in your community. Here’s to taking the first steps down that path - remember, just do it, then iterate. More on HOW to move through these phases in our next newsletter!

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