The difference between cynicism and skepticism

Are you a pessimist or an optimist?

I’m optimistic (almost to a fault, my family would tell you).

But…I’m also pretty skeptical. Whether it’s someone trying to sell me on a business idea or life insurance package or supplements or pretty much anything - they’ll be met with a lot of questions and not-particularly-well-hidden skepticism (I’ve got no poker face, y’all - something I share with my daughter).

Doesn’t it seem somewhat counterintuitive to be both optimistic and skeptical? If you’re optimistic and believe the best in people, shouldn’t you also believe in the ideas people are putting forward? 

Well, in an issue of Well from the New York Times last month, they quoted the director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab, Jamil Zaki, making a distinction between cynicism and skepticism, and it was a real “light bulb moment” for me - 

“Cynicism…is a lack of faith in people, while skepticism is a lack of faith in our assumptions.” 

Ding, ding, ding! When I read this, I immediately thought, YES, this is exactly it. I believe in people (ok, not every single person, but generally speaking, I believe most people have good intentions and are trying their best). But I reject many of the assumptions that underlie our society. 

Dr. Zaki suggests that a cynical worldview - believing people are “generally selfish, greedy and dishonest” - can make you feel safer and smarter, but can also have a negative impact on your health and lead to beliefs that are untrue. He “encourages readers to become “hopeful skeptics” who think critically about societal problems while recognizing how kind and generous others really are.” 

And this, I think, is at the heart of public health and the work of coalitions in pursuit of transformational change to the health and well-being of their communities. 

We should be highly skeptical of the assumptions that underlie our current policies and systems. 

But we should not lose our faith in people, or our faith in the idea that people can come together to change our policies and systems for the better. 

What do you think? Does this resonate for you? Are you a cynic or a skeptic or both or neither? And how do you think cynicism and skepticism “show up” in our work?

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